60 years of University Grants Commission : Establishment, growth and evolution

Contents
CHAPTER I
Establishing the University Grants Commission 3
Higher Education before 1956 3
Curzon’s Role and After 6
Private Initiative 10
The Need for a University Grants Commission 12
The Radhakrishnan Commission 16
The Central Council of University Education 18
The Interim Commission 22
Early Years 24
The UGC Bill in Parliament 27
Discussion in Parliament 30
The UGC Act 39
The UGC Today 42
CHAPTER II
The Formative Years (1953-1963) 46
Universities of India 47
Medium of Instruction 48
Expansion of Higher Education 49
Student Indiscipline 52
Improvement in Higher Education 54
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Three-Year Undergraduate Degree Course 55
General Education 57
Examination Reforms 58
Bridging Disparities in Higher Education 59
College Education 64
Autonomous Status 67
Classification of Teaching Faculty 67
Centres of Advanced Studies 68
Area Studies 69
Libraries 70
Position of Teachers 70
Impact of UGC 73
CHAPTER III
The First Wave of Expansion (1963-1973) 77
The University Education Commission 77
Impact of the Recommendations of the Education
Commission 84
Student Enrolment and Colleges 87
The Role of Teachers 88
Central Universities 88
Undergraduate Colleges 89
Postgraduate Colleges 89
Governance of Universities 92
Expansion of Higher Education and Maintenance
of Standards 96
Examination Reforms 98
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Implementation of Examination Reforms 100
Student Welfare Measures 103
Reducing Regional Disparities 104
Centres for Advanced Study and Research 105
Scientific and Technical Education 106
International Collaborations 108
CHAPTER IV
The Initiatives for Consolidation (1973-1983) 111
The Fifth Plan 112
The Sen Committee 115
Review Committee on the UGC 119
Development of Higher Education in India: A Policy Frame 122
Review Committee on UGC Programmes 124
Autonomous Colleges 126
Affiliated and Other Colleges 128
Distance Education 131
Adult and Continuing Education 133
Women’s Education 135
Strengthening of Existing Programmes 136
The Reservation Policy 139
Journal/Bulletin of Higher Education 142
The Sixth Five-Year Plan 142
Review of Central Universities 144
Delhi Colleges 149
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CHAPTER V
The New Policy Initiatives (1983-1993) 151
The Mehrotra Committee 153
Teacher Training 156
Orientation Programmes 157
Academic Staff Colleges 158
National Policy on Education (1986) 158
The Seventh Five-Year Plan Guidelines 159
Autonomous Colleges 161
Decentralization 162
Accreditation 162
Restructuring of Courses 163
Inter-University Centres 166
Media and Educational Technology 167
Science Education 169
Research Scientist Scheme 173
Physical Education and Sports 174
Women’s Studies 177
Role of Teachers and NET 177
Gnanam Committee 178
State Council of Higher Education 184
The Eighth Plan 185
Vice-Chancellors’ Conference of 1991 186
CHAPTER VI
Golden Jubilee and Post-Policy Interventions
(1993-2003) 189
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Punnayya Committee 189
Grants to Delhi Colleges 192
Implementation of the Punnayya Committee Report 194
Ninth Five-Year Plan 195
Autonomous Colleges 196
Libraries 196
Universities with Potential for Excellence 197
Training of Educational Administrators 197
Subject Panels and Emerging Areas 198
Courses Pertaining to Indian Tradition 199
Science Education and Inculcation of the
Scientific Temper 200
Undergraduate Education 202
Vocational Courses 204
Community Colleges 205
National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) 206
National Eligibility Test (NET) 209
Rastogi Committee 210
Promotional Avenues of University and College Teachers 214
UGC Observers in Career Advancement 215
Professor of Eminence 216
Superannuation and Reemployment 217
UGC Concerns about Academic Discipline 218
Fake Universities 220
Resource Crunch 221
Resource Mobilization 222
Students’ Fees 222
Students’ Welfare 223
Self-Financing Universities 223
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Internationalization of Education 225
Diaspora Studies 228
Reorganization in the UGC 229
CHAPTER VII
The Second Wave of Expansion (2003-13) 231
The Golden Jubilee: An Overview 231
The Role of UGC 232
Launching New Schemes 233
Golden Jubilee Lectures 234
Major highlights of the lectures 236
Golden Jubilee Seminars 240
Overview of Seminar presentations 242
Public/Private Partnership 242
Governance 243
Access and Equity 244
Policy Planning for Export 245
Economics of Higher Education 247
Reorientation of Higher Education 247
Health Consciousness and Physical Fitness 248
Professional Ethics and Value Education 249
Evaluation and Assessment Systems 250
Quality Assurance in Higher Education 251
Sustaining Quality 251
Assessment and Accreditation 252
Initiatives in the Tenth Five-Year Plan 254
Expansion of Higher Education 260
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Eleventh Five-Year Plan : “Education Plan” 261
Issues of Quality 265
Mandatory Accreditation 265
Burden of Affiliation 265
Guidelines for Deemed Universities 265
Meeting Faculty Scarcity 266
Pay Review Committee 266
Enhancing GER 266
Faculty Shortage 267
Enhancing Budgetary Provision 268
Teacher Accountability 268
Faculty Designations 269
UGC’s Other Initiatives 270
Encore 270
Task Force on Faculty Shortage 272
Academic Initiatives 274
Clearing the backlog of scholarships 274
Innovations and Reforms in the National
Eligibility Test 274
Experimentation on Animals 274
Singh-Obama Knowledge Initiative and UK-India
Research Initiative 274
Basic Scientific Research (BSR) 275
Innovation Universities 275
Joint Appointments 276
Setting up of Electronic Repository of Research
Thesis and Synopses 276
e-PG Pathshala 276
Administrative Reforms 277
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Guidelines on Students’ Entitlements and
Obligations, 2012 278
Restoration of the autonomy of Universities for seeking
timely allocation of grants during the Twelfth Five-Year
Plan 278
Anti-ragging Measures 279
Facilitating Participation of Socially Disadvantaged
Groups in Higher Education 279
Financial Reforms 281
Miscellaneous Reforms 281
Regulatory Reforms 282
Proposed Initiatives for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan 283
CHAPTER VIII
The New Initiatives and Discourses 306
Areas of Discourse 306
National Knowledge Commission 307
Sachar Committee 310
Renovation and Rejuvenation of Universities
(Yashpal Committee) 312
Recommendations of the Yashpal Committee 316
Restructuring Universities 318
Narayanamurthy Committee 319
Recommendations of the Committee 321
Epilogue 325
Growth and Development 325
Expansion and Autonomy 326
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Challenges of Higher Education 328
UGC in the Tenth Five-Year Plan 328
UGC in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan 330
Reforms for the UGC 332
UGC in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan 333
Challenges of Globalization and Democracy 335
Internationalization of Higher Education 337
Teaching and Research 340
Empowerment through Productive Employment 341
Upgrading Skills 342
Models for Private Higher Education 346
Conclusion 347
APPENDIX 349
INDEX 353