World development report 2006 : Equity and development / World Bank

Contents:
Foreword xi;
Acknowledgments x;
Abbreviations and Data Notes x vi;
Overview 1Inequity within and across nations 4;
Why does equity matter for development? 7;
Leveling the economic and political playing fields 9;
1 Introduction 18 Equity and inequality of opportunity: the basic concepts 18;
Inequality traps 20;
A brief preview of the Report 23;
Inequity within and across countries 25;
focus 1 on Palanpur 26;
2 Inequity within countries: individuals and groups 28;
Inequalities in health 29;
Inequalities in education 34;
Economic inequalities 36;
The relationship between group differences and inequality 43;
Agency and equity: inequalities of power 48;
The inequality trap for women 51;
3 Equity from a global perspective 55Examples and concepts 55;
Global inequalities in health 56;
Global inequalities in education 60;
Global inequalities in income and expenditure 62;
Global inequalities in power 66;
A glimpse of the future 68;
focus 2 on empowerment 70;
Part II;
Why does equity matter? 73;
4 Equity and well-being 76Ethical and philosophical approaches to equity 76;
Equity and legal institutions 78;
People prefer fairness 80;
Income inequality and poverty reduction 84;
5 Inequality and investment 89;
Markets, wealth, status, and investment behavior 89;
The evidence on underinvestment 96;
Inequalities and investment 101;
focus 3 on Spain 106;
6 Equity, institutions, and the development process 107;
The distribution of power and institutional quality: circles vicious and virtuous 107;
Institutions and political inequality matter for development: historical evidence 109;
Institutions and political inequality matter for development: contemporary evidence 113;
Transitions to more equitable institutions 118;
Conclusion 124;
focus 4 on Indonesia 126;
Part III;
Leveling the economic and political playing fields 129;
7 Human capacities 132Early childhood development: a better start in life 132;
Basic education: expanding opportunities to learn 135;
Toward better health for all 141;
Social protection: managing risk and providing social assistance 148;
Summary 155;
8 Justice, land, and infrastructure 156Building equitable justice systems 156;
Toward greater equity in access to land 162;
Providing infrastructure equitably 168;
Summary 175;
focus 5 on taxation 176;
9 Markets and the macroeconomy 178How markets relate to equity 178;
Achieving equity and efficiency in financial markets 179;
Achieving equity and efficiency in labor markets 185;
Product markets and trade reform 193;
Macroeconomic management and equity 198;
focus 6 on regional inequality 204;
10 Achieving greater global equity 206;
Making global markets work more equitably 207;
Providing development assistance to help build endowments 218;
Transitions to greater equity 221;
Summary 223;
focus 7 on drug access 224;
Epilogue 226;
Bibliographic note 231;
Endnotes 233;
References 247;
Selected Indicators 275;
Measuring Equity 277;
Selected world development indicators 289;
Index 309;
Boxes;
Figures;
Tables.