TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction; • Chapterisation; 2. Research Methodology; 3. Chapter 1: International Disputes and Dispute Settlement; 1.1. Concept of an International Dispute and Dispute Settlement; 1.2. Implementation Framework within the WTO; 1.3. Mechanisms for Implementation of WTO Agreements; 1.4. DSU and Implementation of Dispute Settlement; 1.5. Historical Overview of the Dispute Settlement Procedures; 1.6. Working of the GATT Dispute Settlement Procedures; 1.7. Inadequacies of The GATT Dispute Settlement System; 4. Chapter 2: The Uruguay Round and the DSU; 2.1. The Uruguay Round and Dispute Settlement Negotiations; 2.2. The 1990 Draft; 2.3. The Dispute Settlement Understanding; 2.4. Phases of Dispute Settlement; 5. Chapter 3: DSU Implementation and Enforcement Procedures; 3.1. Articles 21 and 22 of the DSU; 3.2. Surveillance of Implementation of Recommendations and Rulings under Article; 21 of the DSU; 3.3. Special Procedures Involving Developing and Least Developing Countries; 3.4. Implementation of DSB Rulings and Article; 3.5. Comparative Analysis of the GATT - WTO DSM; 6.Chapter 4: Compliance Record of the WTO DSM; 4. 1. Statistical Analysis of the Compliance Record of the WTO DSM; 4.2. The Implementation Record of WTO Members; 4.3. Summary of WTO Members' Implementation Records; 4.4. The Implementation Record under the different WTO Agreements; 4.5. Article 21.5 In Practice: Is It Working? 4.6. Non Compliance and the Utilization of Retaliation; 7. Chapter 5: The DSU Implementation Procedures-A Critique; 5.1. The DSU Implementation Procedures- A Critique; 5.2. Article 21- Determination of Reasonable Period of Time; 5.3. "Surveillance" During the Reasonable Period; 5.4. Compliance Review under Article 21.5; 5.5. Recourse to Article 21.5: The Question of Standing; 5.6. Scope of Article 21.5; 5.7. The 'Law of the Case': The Authoritativeness of DSB's original rulings; 5.8. Article 21.5 and The Doctrine of Laches; 5.9. The Role of Collateral Estoppel; 5.10. "Measures Taken" v. "Measures Proposed"; 5.11. Article 21.5- Endless Loop of Litigation; 5.12. Articles 21.5 and 22.6- The ' Sequencing' Issue; 5.13. Developing Nations and Implementation Issues; 5.14. Special Procedures for Least Developed Country Members; Chapter 6: An Analysis of Article 22 of the DSU; 6. l. Remedies in the WTO DSM; 6.2. Remedies in Public International Law; 6.3. Remedies under the WTO DSM- A Study of 'Compensation' and ' Suspension of Concessions' under Article 22; 6.4. Retaliation under Article 22- An Appraisal; 9. Chapter 7: Proposals for Strengthening the Implementation Procedures'" 198; 7 .1 Strengthening the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism's Implementation Procedures; 7.2. DSU Review; 7.3. Implementation Issues; 7.4. Other Methods; 7.5. Core Problem- Article 19(1) Not Effectively Utilized; 10. Conclusion; 11. The Future; 12. Bibliography; 13. List of Cases; 14. Annexure