TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 12; RESEARCH DESIGN 17; Aims and Objectives 14; Hypothesis 14; Research Question 15; Research Methodology 15; Scope and Limitation 15; Sources of Data 15; Literature Review 16; CHAPTER I: The Concept of Arbitration 19; 1.1 Introduction 19; CHAPTER II: The Development of Arbitration in India 20; 2.1 Introduction 20; 2.2 The British Era 20; 2.3 The Arbitration Act of 1940 20; 2.4 The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 21; 2.5 The 2015 Amendment to the Arbitration and conciliation Act. 22; 2.6 The Amendment Act of 2019 23; 2.7 Conclusion. 23; CHAPTER III: Online Arbitration and India 24; 3.1 Introduction 24; 3.2 Need for Online Arbitration 25; 3.3 The Drawbacks of Online Arbitration 26; 3.4 Challenges faced by Online Arbitration 26; 3.5 Online Arbitration in India 28; 3.6 Conclusion 29; CHAPTER IV: Conflict of Seat vs. Venue 30; 4.1 Introduction 30; 4.2 Difference between seat and venue of arbitration 31; 4.3 Law governing Arbitration or ‘seat’ of Arbitration 31; 4.4 Impact of Amendment in 2015 to Indian Arbitration Act 38; 4.5 Conclusion 38; CHAPTER V – Confidentiality of Arbitral Proceedings 40; 5.1 Introduction 40; 5.2 Understanding the applicability of Confidentiality clause in Arbitration 41; 5.3 Issues surrounding the principle of confidentiality. 42; 5.4 Confidentiality Principle in Arbitration Proceedings: An Indian Approach 44; 5.4.1 Historical Background 44; 5.4.2 Critical Examination of Section 42A 45; 5.4.2.1 Applicability of the Provision 45; 5.4.2.2 Exemptions Provided in the Act 45; 5.4.2.3 Procedural Provisions 46; 5.5 Conclusion 46; CHAPTER VI – Validity of Unilateral Arbitration Clauses in India 48; 6.1 Introduction 48; 6.2 Nature of Unilateral Arbitration clauses 49; 6.3 Validity of Unilateral Arbitration clauses in numerous Nations 50; 6.3.1England 50; 6.3.2Singapore 51; 6.3.3Hongkong 51; 6.4 Nation’s with Negative Approach towards Unilateral Clauses 51; 6.4.1 U.S. A 51; 6.4.2 Russia 52; 6.4.3 France 52; 6.5 Indian Approach towards unilateral clauses. 52; 6.6 Conclusion 53; CHAPTER VII – Two Tier Arbitration Agreement 56; 7.1 Introduction 56; 7.2 Development of the Concept of Two-Tier Arbitration 56; 7.3 Conclusion 60; CHAPTER VIII – Judicial Intervention 62; 8.1 Introduction 62; 8.2 Judicial Authority 63; 8.3 Scope and Object 64; 8.3.1 Pre-Arbitral Proceeding 63; 8.3.2 During the Arbitration Proceeding 66; 8.3.3 Post Arbitral Award 67; 8.4 Conclusion 68; CHAPTER- IX – Conclusion 70; BIBLIOGRAPHY 72.