Table of contents
PART I. THE CHALLENGE OF MEASURING CRIME INTERNATIONALLY;
Chapter 1. The need of better crime diagnostics;
The uses of international crime statistics;
International crime statistics: the sorry state of the art;
Crime as a social construct;
International crime statistics as controversial knowledge;
Twenty years of thwarted efforts;
ICVS: bringing the bad news;
Breaking the silence;
Summary points/in conclusion;
Chapter 2. Mismeasuring Crime;
International crime figures available;
A crime is a crime ?;
Recording practices of the police;
Reporting patterns;
The breakthrough of crime victimization surveys;
Victim satisfaction and trust levels;
The more recorded crime, the less crime ?;
Police recorded crime and victimization rates compared;
Other uses of police recorded crime statistics;
Police figures as trend indicators;
A moratorium on police figures?;
The political context of crime surveying;
Summary points/in conclusion;
PART II. COMMON CRIMES ACROSS THE WORLD;
Chapter 3. The burden of property crime;
Over all levels of crime;
Five year victimization rates;
Alternative measures of the crime burden;
Victimization by property crime;
Burglary;
Theft and frauds;
Consumer fraud;
Car crimes;
Car theft and joyriding;
Car hijacking;
Robbery;
Kidnapping;
The heavy crime burden of the business sector;
Costs for businesses;
Summary points/ in conclusion;
Chapter 4. Patterns of violent crime;
Homicide;
National homicide rates;
Assault;
Hate crimes in Western Europe;
Sexual assault/ rape;
Violence against women revisited;
Towards further standardization;
Child abuse and the cycle of violence;
Summary points/ in conclusion;
Chapter 5. Determinants of common crimes;
Comparative perspectives;
Urbanization and crime;
Regional patterns and future trends of urbanization;
Demographics and crime;
Future demographic trends;
Affluence and crime;
Mass transportation and crime;
Patterns of vehicle theft at second sight;
More affluence-less crime?;
Development and crime revisited;
Poverty and inequality;
Criminal victimization and gender inequality;
Drugs and alcohol abuse;
Alcohol abuse and violence;
Trends in alcohol consumption;
Availability of guns;
Firearms and violent crime;
Guns and violence in developing countries;
Summary points/in conclusion;
Chapter 6. Global crime trends;
Global trends in common crimes;
European trends in focus;
Trends in police recorded crimes;
Explaining the drop in crime;
Responsive securitization and the drop in crime;
The growing North-South security divide;
Crime and conflict;
Latin America: the price of democracy;
Summary points/in conclusion (part II);
PART III. EMERGING GLOBAL CRIME THREATS;
Chapter 7. Assessing organized crime;
The new crime threats;
The changing nature of organized crime;
Illicit markets;
Defining organized crime;
Measurement issues;
The alternative of victimization surveys among the business community;
Towards an organized crime perception index;
Other "markers" of organized crime presence;
Instrumental violence;
The organized crime-corruption complex;
Other "markers" of organized crime: money-laundering and the black economy;
Composite organized crime index;
Country scores;
Trends in organized crime;
Participation of national organized crime groups in criminal markets;
Trafficking in persons;
Organized car theft;
The intercorrelates of crime;
Tentative transnational responses;
The US report on trafficking in persons;
Summary points/in conclusion;
Chapter 8. Other global security threats: corruption, terrorism and cyber crime;
Defining corruption;
Corruption indicators : perceptions and experiences;
Assessing the merits of objective and subjective indicator;
Corruption victimizations in the corporate world;
Business crime surveys;
Patterns and trends in terrorist crimes;
The incidence of terrorism;
Correlates of terrorism;
Terrorism and organized crime;
Cyber crime : trends in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) crimes;
Computer-facilitated crime;
No Asian exception;
Computers, organized crime and terrorism;
Summary point/in conclusion: redrawing the global crime map;
PART IV. INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE;
Chapter 9. Law enforcement, crime prevention and victim assistance;
Trends in criminal justice resources;
Allocation of resources to law enforcement and criminal justice;
Human resources for police and private security;
Police workloads;
The private security industry;
Trends in private policing;
More police-less crime?;
Homicide conviction rates as performance measure;
Towards a composite index for police performance;
Resources, performance and integrity;
Victim empowerment and support;
Victim reception by the police;
Trends in victim satisfaction;
Victim support services;
Implementing the UN Victims Declaration;
International best practices in crime prevention;
Guidelines for the prevention of crime;
Evidence-based approaches;
Planning and implementation;
Summary points/in conclusion;
Chapter 10. Courts and sentencing;
Judges and magistrates;
Gender balance in the courts;
Perceived independence and integrity of the judiciary;
Towards an international code of conduct for judges;
Public attitudes towards sentencing;
In conclusion;
Chapter 11. Corrections: a global perspective;
Trends in prisoners rates;
National prison populations;
Expanding use of imprisonement;
Interpreting prisoners rates;
Costs and limits of imprisonment;
The search for alternatives;
Benchmarking prisoners rates;
An index of punitiveness;
Summary points/in conclusion;
PART V. INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON CRIME AND JUSTICE;
Chapter 12. Security, rule of law and sustainable development;
Introductory remarks;
Legal institutions and the level of non-conventional crime;
Rule of law and terrorism;
Trafficking in persons and police performance.;
Good governance and development;
Good governance, development and the rule of crime;
Organized crime as Troian horse;
Vicious crimino-economic circles;
Summary points/in conclusion;
Chapter 13. Crime and justice: the need of global reform;
Diagnosing crime;
A culture of lawfullness;
Country profiles at a glance;
Costs of crime: the global crime bill;
Lawfulness and human development;
The North- South 'security divide';
The 'justice deficit';
Security and justice reform first;
The UN Millenium Development Goals;
A more secure world;
Appendix A: Datasources and data;
International Crime Victim Surveys (ICVS);
Methodology;
Definitions;
Technical note on ICVS data presentation;
The International Crime Business Survey (ICBS);
The International Violence Against Women Survey (IVAWS);
The United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems;
Definition of terms;
Some Other Techincal Matters;
Method for construction of composite indexes;
Method for constructing scatter plots;
Method for constructing bar charts;
Appendix B Data tables;
Index;
References;
Appendix B: Data tables;
Index;
References