Table of Contents
1. Introduction ;
1.1. Historical Background;
1.2. Present position ;
1.3. Reasons behind insertion of Article 33(2) of the 1951 convention ;
2. Principle of Non Refoulement as customary international law ;
2.1. Requisites of Jus Cogens ;
2.2. Principle of Non Refoulement as “Jus Cogens” ;
2.3. Conclusion of the chapter ;
3. Analysis of the exception of National Security ;
3.1. Non uniformity of the exceptions;
3.2. Narrow interpretation of Article 33(2) ;
3.3. Emphasis on specificity ;
3.4. Conclusion of the chapter ;
4. Practices in the countries ;
4.1. Analysis of the UNSC resolutions ;
4.2. Position in the United States ;
4.2.1. Usage of exceptions to non refoulement principle ;
4.2.2. Wide scope of national security exception ;
4.3. Position in Europe ;
4.4. Conclusion of the chapter ;
Conclusion and Suggestions ;
Executive Summary ;
Findings;
Suggested Model ;
Final remarks ;
Bibliography .