Contents
List of Tables viii;
List of Figures ix;
Acknowledgment x;
1. Introduction 1;
1.1 Problem Statement 1;
1.2 Policy Relevance 2;
1.3 Structure of the Dissertation 3;
2. Literature Review 5;
2.1 Problem of Open Defecation 5;
2.2 Government Intervention to Solve Problem 6;
2.3 Lack of Use of toilets 7;
2.4 Motivation to Use the Constructed Toilet 8;
2.5 Behaviour Change Communication 9;
2.6 Behaviour Change Communication: Policy Perspective 10;
2.7 Behaviour Change Communication for Usage of Toilets 10;
2.8 Behaviour Change Communication as per SBM-G Guidelines 11;
2.9 Health Belief Model 14;
2.10 Research Gap 15;
3. Methods 17;
3.1 Research Objective 17;
3.2 Research Questions 17;
3.3 Methodology 19;
3.4 Scope of the Study 22;
3.5 Data Collection Tools 22;
3.6 The Sampling Procedure 24;
3.7 Description of Case Panchayats 27;
3.8 Conclusion 29;
4. Two Rationales around Swachh Bharat Mission 30;
4.1 Guidelines of Swachh Bharat Mission 30;
4.2 Toilet Technology 31;
5. Behaviour Change of Households in Rural Areas 37;
5.1 Behaviour of the Households before Toilet Construction 37;
5.2 Behaviour of the Household after Toilet Construction 38;
5.3 Insider of the Panchayat 40;
5.4 Conclusion 41;
6. Efficacy of Behaviour Change Communication Interventions 43;
6.1 Increasing the speed of constructing Toilet 44;
6.2 Awareness towards Consequences of Open Defecation and Benefits of using Toilet 46;
6.3 The Main Motivating Message 47;
6.4 Using Toilet Regularly 49;
6.5 Conclusion 50;
7. Variations in Usage of Toilets 52;
7.1 Perceived Threat 52;
7.2 Perceived Barriers 54;
7.3 Perceived Benefits 55;
7.4 Cues to Action 56;
7.5 Self-Efficacy 57;
7.6 Conclusion 58;
8. Conclusion 59;
8.1 Sanitation Behaviour Change is BCC interventions Job 59;
8.2 Recommendations 61;
Appendices;
i. Sample list of eligible beneficiaries 63;
ii. Control Variables for Sample Households 64;
iii. Questionnaire 65;
iv. Vignette Cards 69;
v. Cost and Material Description for Constructing Twin-pit Toilet and superstructure of toilet 70;
vi. Toilet Eligibility form and Completion form 71;
References 72.