| 000 | 05005nam a2200229Ia 4500 | ||
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| 003 | OSt | ||
| 005 | 20251126121852.0 | ||
| 008 | 201217b2018 ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng | ||
| 040 | _cnls | ||
| 100 | _aGangwal Nishid Ashokkumar | ||
| 245 | 0 |
_aImpact of Patent Law on Regulations Facilitating Access to Medicine: _bA Comparative Study |
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| 260 |
_aBangalore _bNLSIU _c2018 |
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| 300 | _a353p | ||
| 505 | _aTable of Content List of Abbreviations; List of Tables; List of Figures; List of Cases; List of Annexure; CHAPTER - 1 Introduction and Research Methodology; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Statement of Problem and Research Significance; 1.3 Research Questions; 1.4 Research Hypotheses; 1.5 Research Methodology; Tables; CHAPTER - 2 Patents - A Tool for Progress of Scientific Innovations as well as for Competition; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Historical Development of Patents; 2.3 Development of Intellectual Law in India; 2.4 Globalization of Patent Laws; 2.5 Innovation activity and Pharmaceutical Industry; 2.6 Conclusions; Tables; CHAPTER-3 Patent Systems and the Business Policies of the Pharmaceutical Companies; 3.1 Introduction; Offensive Business Strategies; Defensive Business Strategies; 3.2 Patent Cluster's or thickets; 3.3 Introduction of New formulation; 3.4 Chiral Switches; 3.5 Aggressive Enforcement of Patent Rights; 3.6 Pseudo-generics; 3.7 Differential pricing mechanism; 3.8 Licensing and cross licensing; 3.9 Multiple / collaborative research; a WIPO Re:Search - Sharing Innovation in the Fight Against Neglected Tropical Diseases; b Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative – A Patient Needs-Driven & Innovative R&D Model; c African Network for Drugs and Diagnostic Innovation (ANDI); d Meningitis Vaccine Project; e Open Source Drug Discovery of CSIR; 3.10 Conclusions; Tables; CHAPTER -4 Differential Pricing Policy and Pharmaceutical Industry; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Theory of Differential Pricing; 4.2a The methodology of Drug Pricing; Ramsey Pricing Model; Value based Pricing Model; Two Part Pricing Model; Patent Buyout Pricing Model; Peak Load Pricing Model; 4.3 Differential Pricing and Pharmaceutical Industry a The pharmaceutical manufacturer sells the same product for different prices; b Opening New Market; c Threat of Compulsory Licensing; d Competition From Generic Producers; 4.4 Prerequisite for Pharmaceutical manufacturer to implement the differential pricing; 4.5 Factors That Impede Use of Differential Pricing a Discontent With Prices In the Middle-Income Tier; b Lack of Market Segmentation; c Inefficient and 'Black-Box' Distribution Systems; 4.6 The Current State of Differential Pricing; 4.7 Conclusions; Tables; CHAPTER -5 TRIPS flexibilities - A Solution to Address the Need and Demand of Medicine; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Compulsory Licensing a Review of Compulsory Licensing System; Australia; Argentina; Brazil; Canada; China; India; Indonesia; USA; b Potential dangers arising from Compulsory Licensing; 5.3 Parallel Imports and Exhaustion of Rights; 5.4 Patentable subject matter: Limitation on the Grant of Patents; a) Non-patentable subject matter Use of Pharmaceutical Substances Incremental innovation (new form of existing drugs); b) Other Conflicting Areas of Patentability: Scope for Proper Application of Patentability Standards; Generic and specific patents (selection Patent and double Patenting); Patents having claims related to Pharmacokinetic parameters; Patents claiming pharmacopeial/analytical methods; Packaging Method Patents; 5.5 Research and the Early Working Exceptions; European Countries; America; Australia and New Zealand; India; Other Countries; 5.6 TRIPS-PLUS" IN US Free Trade Agreements; a) Limiting the Extent of Test Data Protection (Data Exclusivity); b) Patent Term Extensions; c) Patent Linkage; USA; Canada; South Korea; Mexico; Singapore; Australia; Europe; India; 5.7 Conclusions; 5.8 Tables; CHAPTER· 6 Health Policy and Pricing Systems: Global Scenario; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 United States of America; 6.3 Canada; 6.4 Australia; 6.5 China; 6.6 Europe; Germany; Italy; Spain; France; United Kingdom; 6.7 India; 6.8 Conclusions; Tables; CHAPTER- 7 Conclusions and Recommendations; 7.1 Conclusions; 7.2 Recommendations; Guidelines to ensure for proper application for standard of Patentability; Two tier examination mechanism for Pharmaceutical patents; Proper application of "Utility" standard for Pharmaceutical Patents; Changes in the Health / Regulatory System; Patent linkage; Data exclusivity; Patent Term Extensions; Drug Pricing Policy; Need for Health Insurance; Bibliography. | ||
| 650 | _aPatent System & Business Policies - Pharmaceutical companies | ||
| 650 | _aPricing policy & Pharmaceuticl Industry | ||
| 650 | _xThesis | ||
| 650 | _zTRIPS | ||
| 700 | _aProf.(Dr.) T Ramakrishna (Guide) | ||
| 856 | _uhttps://dans.nls.ac.in/handle/123456789/369 | ||
| 942 |
_cTH _2ddc |
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| 999 |
_c114583 _d114583 |
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