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008			160316s2002 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
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082			_a320 _bAXF
100			_aAxford Barrie
245			_aAn introduction politics
250			_a2nd
260			_aLondon _bRoutledge _c2002
300			_a601p _cxviii
365			_bRs. 2,191
505			_aContents: List of figures and tables; List of biographies; Notes on the authors; Preface; Acknowledgements; INTRODUCTION- Barrie Axford and Gary K. Browning; Part 1-People and politics 1. INDIVIDUALS: IS POLITICS REALLY ABOUT PEOPLE? Barrie Axford; Introduction; Three questions for analysis; Parts or wholes: should we study individuals or structures?; Forms of individualist analysis; Forms of functional and structural analysis; The modern individual; Individuals as utility maximisers: the myth of 'economic' man; Individualism in action; Individuals and rights; Individualism and collectivism; Beyond individualism and collectivism: the postmodern condition; Individuals and the capacity for meaningful political action; Conclusion. 2. POLITICAL SOCIALISATION-Ben Rosamond; Introduction; Political socialization; What is political socialisation for?; The processes of political socialization; When?; How? ; The importance of political socialization; What does political socialisation tell us about political science?; What does political socialisation tell us about politics?; What does political socialisation tell us about the political system?; Conclusion; 3 POLITICAL CULTURE-Ben Rosamond; Introduction; The uses of political culture; The civic culture; Criticisms of The Civic Culture; An alternative approach: political culture and ideology; Subcultures; Culture and political identity; Three case studies of political culture; The rise and fall of the Asian Tigers': a cultural phenomenon?; The European Union: creating a new political culture; After 11 September 2001: a clash of civilisations?; Conclusion; 4 POLITICAL PARTICIPATION-Barrie Axford; Introduction: what is political participation?; Who participates? Some individual and social correlates of political participation; Selected variables and political participation: a brief inventory; Social capital and political Participation; Why do some people participate in politics and others abstain?; Agency: political efficacy and trust; Structural explanations: the law, society and ideas; Immediate stimuli; Case study: electoral turnout and political participation; Conclusion: a crisis of political participation?; 5 DEMOCRACY AND DEMOCRATISATION-Richard Huggins; Introduction; Democracy in the contemporary context; Conceptualising democracy: the search for a definition; Origins of democracy; Representative democracy; Deliberative democracy; Direct democracy; Towards a minimal definition of democracy; Conceptualising democratisation: process and practice; Explaining democratization; The criticisms and limits of democracy and democratization; Feminist critiques of liberal democracy; Republican critiques of liberal democracy; Radical critiques of liberal democracy; Environmental critiques of liberal democracy; Futures of democracy and democratization; Globalisation and democracy; Digital democracy; Conclusion; Part 2-Politics and ideas; 6 CONCEPTS AND ISSUES-Gary K. Browning; Introduction; Conceptual analysis; Freedom; The Rushdie case; Rights; Animal rights; Equality; Justice; Conclusion; 7 POLITICAL THOUGHT-Gary K. Browning Introduction; Political thought; The history of political thought; The methodology of the history of political thought; The value of the history of political thought; Key political philosophers; Plato; Thomas Hobbes; John Locke; Jean-Jacques Rousseau; John Stuart Mill; Karl Marx; The limits of Western political thought; Women and political thought; Islam; Conclusion; 8. POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES-Gary K. Browning; Introduction; The nature of political ideologies; Political ideology and history; Left and Right; Liberalism; The origins of liberalism; Liberalism in the twentieth century; Conservatism; The nature of conservatism; Styles of conservatism; The success of conservatism; Socialism; Forms of socialism; Socialism and its development; Fascism; The nature of fascism; The development of fascism; Fascism in Nazi Germany and Mussolini's Italy; Nationalism; The development of nationalism; Explanations of nationalism; Feminism; Liberal feminism; Socialist feminism; Radical feminism; Postmodern feminism Ecologism; Varieties of ecological standpoints on society, economy and politics; Conclusion; Part 3 The structures and processes of governance 9 LOCAL GOVERNANCE: POLITICS BELOW THE NATION-STATE-Alan Grant; Introduction; The territorial distribution of power; Federalism; The requirements of federalism; Developments in federal governments; Conclusions on federalism; Local government and politics Constitutional and legal status; Structure and responsibilities; Internal organization; Central-local relations; Conclusion; 10 THE MACHINERY OF GOVERNMENT-Richard Huggins; Introduction; Preliminary observations; Nations, nation-states and the state; Government and governance; Constitutions and constitutionalism; Executives, legislatures and judiciaries Executives 336 Legislatures; Unicameral or bicameral?; The judiciary; Parliamentary systems of government; Presidential executives; Other forms of government; Transnational governance and the European Union - a new model? The virtual machinery of government?; Conclusion; 11. PARTIES, INTEREST GROUPS AND PUBLIC OPINION-Barrie Axford; Introduction; Political parties and party systems; Party systems; Party systems in established democracies; The organisation of parties; The functions of political parties; Are political parties in decline?; Interest groups; Parties and interest groups; What are interest groups?: Types of groups; Theories and models of interest group politics; The resources and tactics used by interest groups; The power of interest groups; Public opinion; What is public opinion?; Whose opinion is public opinion?; How is public opinion institutionalised and expressed?; The construction of public opinion; Elections and public opinion; Is public opinion fickle?; Conclusion; 12 POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AND THE MEDIA-Richard Huggins; Introduction; What is political communication?; Contexts of political communication; The development of political communication; Newspapers; Radio; Television; Managing political communication: how do politicians communicate?; Politics in media cultures: a crisis for democracy?; The global media 435 New media and political activism; Conclusion; 13 THE POLICY PROCESS-John Turner Introduction; The study of policy; Policy in action: the foot-and-mouth crisis 2001 to 2002; Policy definition; Policy formulation; Policy implementation; Problem superseded and redefined; Policy outcomes; A model of policy-making: Easton's input—output model; The policy process and the state; Pluralist explanations; Neo-pluralist explanations; Corporatist explanations; Marxist explanations; Neo-liberal explanations; Theories of decision-making; Rationality and decision-making; Cost-benefit analysis; Modified rationality; Disjointed incrementalism; Innovation and mixed scanning; Organisational and bureaucratic models of decision-making; Ideology and decision-making; Implementation models of policy-making; Advocacy coalitions and negotiated orders; Policy communities and networks; Case study in the policy process: policy learning and the Brent Spar decision; Introduction; The initial policy decision; Widening the policy environment: a global dimension; The German connection The organisational context: the corporate culture at Shell The organisational context: Greenpeace and the politics of protest Crisis politics: policy in reverse Conclusions; Conclusion; Part 4 Politics beyond the territorial state 14 POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE ABOVE THE TERRITORIAL STATE Ben Rosamond Introduction; International politics 483 Thinking about International Relations; The end of international politics?; Breaking the mould of international politics?: The European Union; European integration; The origins of the European Union; Patterns of politics; European integration and the end of the nation-state?; Law and authority in world politics: the Pinochet case; War without states? After 11 September 2001 Conclusion; 15 THE PROCESSES OF GLOBALISATION Barrie Axford Introduction; From beyond the nation-state to global politics? The concept of globalisation Globalisation as growing interconnectedness Global consciousness, or thinking globally 534 Global compression; Globalisation as relativisation and indigenization; The idea of a global system; The forces and features of globalization; The world economy and the new international division of labour; The world political order: global governance?; Global cultures; Vectors of globalization; The end of a world of territorial nation-states; A post-capitalist world economic order?; A global civil society?; The prospect of civilisational conflict; Global chaos?; Conclusion; Glossary; General bibliography; Index.
650			_a1. Political Science
700			_aBrowning Gary K _aHuggins Richard
942			_2ddc _cBK